Preamble Formalization in small-scale gold mining communities in Colombia offers valuable insights into the complexities surrounding this process. Analyzing elements such as the formation of local…

Key Messages Artisanal and small-scale gold miners in remote areas of Colombia are willing to try formalization (obtaining a legal title to extract gold). However, they perceive costs can hinder the…

Abstract This paper presents novel evidence of no crowding out, of either motivations or donations, among those terminated from an ongoing program of payments for ecosystem services (PES) in Colombia…

Abstract Payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs exist globally and at times shift behaviors. Unlike protected areas, PES compensate land users, raising local acceptance of conservation. Yet…

Abstract Payment for ecosystem services (PES) programs is proliferating globally but not always with significant impact. Unlike protected areas (PAs), PES compensates suppliers of eco-services…

The impact of implementing payments for ecosystem services (PES) in Costa Rica have shifted over time. The results of this research study allow us to identify when PES have had higher impacts.

Abstract Globally, small-scale gold mining (SSGM) is an important economic option for many rural poor. It involves local uses of shared resources, like common-pool contexts for which self-governance…

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs are now high in number, if not always in impact. When groups of users pay groups of service providers, establishing PES involves collective action. We…

Managing natural-resource allocation and environmental externalities is a challenge. Institutional designs are central when improving water quality for downstream users, for instance, and when…

Small-scale gold mining is important to rural livelihoods in the developing world but also a source of environmental externalities. Incentives for individual producers are the classic policy response…