There is increasing evidence and widespread agreement that access to energy sources is a prerequisite for economic growth, development of local industrialization, agricultural up scaling and improving

Existing studies show that households’ consumption of goods and services is one of the major contributors of emission of greenhouse gases and other environment related problems. Thus, changing the

There is no general consensus among policy makers, development practitioners and academicians on how to disseminate good/items if the markets fail to generate a substantial penetration of the product

In recent years, costs of both LED lighting diodes and photovoltaic (PV) systems have decreased substantially. In widely non-electrified rural Africa, this has induced a silent revolution, the market

The Rwandan Electricity Access Roll-Out Program (EARP) is one of the most ambitious electrification interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa endowed with a budget of USD 377 million. Against the background

This research is part of the project "Bioenergy, Bioeconomy and Food Security", funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), "Research and policy advise on

The United Nations Sustainable Energy for All (SE4All) initiative has the ambition to reach universal energy access until 2030 by providing sustainable energy access to all those 1.3 billion people in

Three billion people worldwide use solid fuels and inefficient stoves to meet their daily heating and cooking needs. The resulting household air pollution causes over four million deaths annually, and