Forestry

Forest resources are critical capital for poor people in a number of countries supported by the EfD initiative. Villagers sell timber, work in forest-based tourism, and rely on forests for products like fuelwood, fodder, grazing and fruits that they consume themselves. Furthermore, forests provide benefits not directly used by farmers. For example, in mountainous areas forests protect watersheds from excessive erosion and flooding and provide worldwide values by sequestering carbon that would otherwise remain in the atmosphere. Creating mechanisms and incentives to improve the use of forest resources in the developing world is therefore of critical policy interest.

kenya | Forestry Understanding Local Communities’ Perceptions of Existing Forest Management Regimes of a Kenyan Rainforest Current conservation debates place high emphasis on the need to integrate the views and needs of local communities in conservation processes. Understanding local community perceptions of forest management and the factors that influence these perceptions is important for designing management policies that are sensitive to their needs. However, more often than not local communities’ perceptions do not receive as much attention as they deserve. Paul M. Guthiga, 2008, "Understanding Local Communities' Perceptions of Existing Forest Management Regimes of a Kenyan Rainforest", International Journal of Social Forestry (IJSF), 2008, vol.1(2)pp.145-167.

ethiopia | Forestry Policies to increase forest cover in Ethiopia This brief is a summary of the main outcomes of a forest policy workshop on “Policies to increase forest cover in Ethiopia” held on 18-19 September 2007 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. This brief is a summary of the main outcomes of a forest policy workshop on “Policies to increase forest cover in Ethiopia” held on 18-19 September 2007 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

central america rff usa | Forestry Payments for Ecosystem Services: Measurements with Impacts A promising concept that has received considerable attention, Payment-for-ecosystems- services has the potential to become a conventional environmental management tool. Alpízar F., A. Blackman, and A. Pfaff. 2007. "Payments for Ecological Services: Measurements with Impacts". Resources 165 Spring: 20-22.

eeu sweden ethiopia | Forestry Forest cover in Ethiopia - Workshop proceedings Proceedings of a policy workshop on Policies to increase forest cover in Ethiopia held on 18-19 September 2007 at Global Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia "Policies to Increase Forest Cover in Ethiopia", Environmental Economics Policy Forum for Ethiopia and Ethiopian Development Research Institute, 2008, Proceedings of a Policy Workshop organized by Environmental Economics Policy Forum for Ethiopia (EEPFE) and Ethiopian Development Research Institute (EDRI),18-19 September, 2007, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

ethiopia | Forestry Policy design Valuation of community forestry in Ethiopia: a contingent valuation study of rural households Community forestry projects in Ethiopia have been implemented using the top–down approach, which may have contributed to the failure of most of these projects. The so-called community plantations practically belonged to the government and the labour contribution of the local communities in the establishment of the plantations was mainly in exchange for wages. Mekonnen, A., 2000, "Valuation of Community Forestry in Ethiopia: a Contingent Valuation Study of Rural Households". Environment and Development Economics 5(3): 289-308, July 2000.

china | Forestry Household Income Growth, Diversification and the Implicit Costs of Reform: The Case of China’s State Forest Sector As with other components of its receding planned economy, China’s state forestry sector faces growing pressure to reform, restructure and liberalize, with policymakers considering the tradeoffs between the shorter-term social welfare impacts versus the longer-term goals of economic and environmental sustainability. Bennett, M., X. Jiang, and J. Xu. 2008. "Household Income Growth, Diversification and the Implicit Costs of Reform: The Case of China’s State Forestry Sector". Working paper, Environmental Economics Program in China.

tanzania | Forestry Improving the Effectiveness of Joint Forest Management in Tanzania Following the 1998 National Forest Policy and the Forest Act of 2002, participatory forest management (PFM) is being introduced in Tanzania, yet little rigorous analysis has been undertaken to determine the effectiveness of PFM, in terms of both protecting forest resources and improving forest-dependent livelihoods and thereby reducing poverty.

china | Forestry Policy design Forest Tenure in Collective-owned Forest This project aims at finishing surveying in 8-10 provinces, establishing a comprehensive database and building an equilibrium model with capacity to analyze Supply, Demand, Trade and Policy Change.

central america | Forestry Costa Rica’s Payment for Environmental Services Program: Intention, Implementation and Impact We evaluated the intention, implementation, and impact of Costa Rica’s program of payments for environmental services (PSA), which was established in the late 1990s. Payments are given to private landowners who own land in forest areas in recognition of the ecosystem services their land provides. Sanchez, A., A. Pfaff, J. Robalino, and J. Boomhower. 2007. Costa Rica's Payment for Environmental Services Program: Intention, Implementation, and Impact. Conservation Biology 21 (5) , 1165-1173.

central america | Forestry Estimating Spatial Interactions in Deforestation Decisions As part of the book Frontiers of Biodiversity Economics, Cambridge University Press, this chapter describes a model of interactions in the context of deforestation, based on an equilibrium in beliefs about the neighbours’ actions, and applies the model to data of two regions within Costa Rica. Robalino, J., A. Pfaff, and A. Sánchez. 2007. "Estimating Spatial Interactions in Deforestation Decisions". Forthcoming, In Biodiversity Economics: Principles, Methods and Applications, edited by A. Kantolean, U. Pascual, and T. Swanson. Cambridge University Press.

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Forestry

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